The Effect of Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells on the Regeneration of Human Pulpectomized Tooth: A Case Report
نویسندگان
1 PerciaVista R&D Co. Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
3 Department of Therapeutic and Prosthetic Dentistry, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
4 Department of Surgery No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University Aktobe, Kazakhstan
5 School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
6 Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
7 Department of Radiology, School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
8 Department of Surgery No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University Aktobe, Kazakhstan
9 Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
10 Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
11 PerciaVista R&D Co. Shiraz, Iran
doi
10.30476/ijms.2024.103117.3638چکیده
The dental pulp is essential for tooth health and sensory function. However, conventional treatments for infected or necrotic pulp, such as root canal therapy, frequently result in tooth loss and increased fracture risk. Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) aim to regenerate pulp tissue while preserving tooth vitality. Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hUCMSCs) demonstrated potential for tissue regeneration. In this case report, the potential of hUCMSC-derived exosomes for regenerating the dental pulp of a pulpectomized tooth was investigated. The patient, a 40-year-old man, was presented with irreversible pulpitis in the mandibular second premolar. The patient underwent a pulpectomy, followed by the application of a chitosan and hUCMSC-derived exosome mixture into the root canal. This project was conceived and executed as a joint project in Bushehr (Iran), Shiraz (Iran), and Aktobe (Kazakhstan) from 2022 to 2024. Exosomes were isolated and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Clinical evaluations, including visual inspection, palpation, pulp vitality tests, radiography, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging, were conducted over 24 weeks post-treatment. The SEM and TEM images confirmed the effective isolation and characterization of exosomes. Clinical follow-ups showed no signs of infection, swelling, or tenderness around the treated tooth. Radiographic assessments indicated periapical radiolucency and periodontal ligament widening, suggesting active healing. Despite these radiographic changes, the absence of clinical symptoms indicated successful tissue regeneration and integration. This case report demonstrated the potential of hUCMSC-derived exosomes for dental pulp regeneration, with promising results in maintaining tooth vitality and promoting healing.
