فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Nearshore wave energy is increasingly recognized as a viable source of clean power for small tropical islands. However, its practical implementation requires accurate characterization of wave conditions in shallow water. A primary challenge is translating deep-water reanalysis data into site-specific parameters suitable for engineering applications. This study introduces a physics-based approach to convert multi-year ERA5 wave data (2019–2025) into depth-adjusted conditions using a nonlinear dispersion solver at a water depth of 2.5 m. Seasonal analysis was conducted using the standard DJF, MAM, JJA, and SON groupings to capture intra-annual variability, and the framework employs standard statistical techniques, including percentile ranges and circular directional statistics, to quantify both variability and directional trends. When applied to the west side of Kodingareng Keke Island, Indonesia, the method indicates that the site is characterized by predominantly low-to-moderate sea states, with a mean wave power of 0.66 kW/m and a consistent wave direction near 205°. The depth-adjusted wavelength (19–23 m) and modal sea state (Hs = 0.3–0.7 m, Te = 3.8–4.8 s) offer clear parameters for device spacing, orientation, and preliminary power take-off (PTO) tuning. The seasonal evaluation shows that DJF and SON produce the highest energy levels, whereas the calmer MAM season provides a natural window for planned maintenance. The 90th-percentile wave height (Hs,90 = 0.86 m) serves as a practical benchmark for establishing preliminary operational limits. In summary, the proposed method delivers depth-adjusted wave information that supports early-stage planning and design of wave energy converter (WEC) systems in shallow-water tropical environments.When applied to the west side of Kodingareng Keke Island, Indonesia, the method indicates that the site is characterized by predominantly low-to-moderate sea states, with a mean wave power of 0.66 kW/m and a consistent wave direction near 205°. The depth-adjusted wavelength (19–23 m) and modal sea state (Hs = 0.3–0.7 m, Te = 3.8–4.8 s) offer clear parameters for device spacing, orientation, and preliminary power take-off (PTO) tuning. The seasonal evaluation shows that DJF and SON produce the highest energy levels, whereas the calmer MAM season provides a natural window for planned maintenance. The 90th-percentile wave height (Hs,90 = 0.86 m) serves as a practical benchmark for establishing preliminary operational limits. In summary, the proposed method delivers depth-adjusted wave information that supports early-stage planning and design of wave energy converter (WEC) systems in shallow-water tropical environments.