فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on P3HT:PCBM blends are well known as promising candidates for next-generation solar cells due to their flexibility, low cost, and adaptable optoelectronic properties. However, their performance is still constrained by issues such as energetic disorder and limitations in charge transport. In this study, phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives, including CuPc, CoPc, and metal-free H2Pc, were incorporated into the P3HT:PCBM active layer and systematically investigated to address these limitations in OSCs through morphological, optoelectronic, and electrical analyses. Urbach energy estimation and space-charge-limited current (SCLC) modeling were employed to evaluate the influence of these additives on energetic disorder, Fermi level alignment, and charge carrier mobility. The results indicate that CuPc is the most effective additive, yielding a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.28%, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 10.7 mA/cm², an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.65 V, and a high fill factor (FF). External quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements demonstrate an enhanced photoresponse in the 380–550 nm wavelength range, while electrical analyses reveal a significant reduction in Urbach energy from approximately 1.05 to approximately 0.85 eV, along with nearly a fivefold increase in hole mobility. Mott–Schottky analysis further confirms improved Fermi level alignment and reduced potential barriers. These findings demonstrate that Pc derivatives, particularly CuPc, act as multifunctional additives that reduce energetic disorder, enhance charge transport, and improve overall device performance, thereby providing a viable strategy for advancing the efficiency of solution-processed organic photovoltaics.