فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

The utilization of sugarcane bagasse and leaf waste in Indonesia remains suboptimal, despite their significant potential as industrial raw materials and environmentally friendly alternatives. This study investigates their pyrolysis to produce high-value bio-oil and biochar. Sugarcane bagasse and leaves, in various ratios, were pyrolyzed at 350°C, 450°C, and 550°C. The biochar was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), while the bio-oil composition was analyzed with Gas Chromatography (GC). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize pyrolysis conditions based on biochar and bio-oil quality. FTIR analysis revealed a reduction in polar functional groups (O–H and C=O) with increasing temperature, indicating thermal degradation. RSM indicated a quadratic effect of temperature, where higher levels did not consistently enhance yields. Optimal bio-oil production (24.2±1.6%) was achieved at a 1:2 bagasse to leaf ratio and 550°C, while biochar yield (42.5±1.5%) was maximized at a 2:1 ratio and 450°C. The biochar exhibited high adsorption capacities for Pb²⁺ (40.23 mg/g), Cd²⁺ (25.67 mg/g), and Cu²⁺ (20.74 mg/g). The bio-oil had a high calorific value (28.63 MJ/kg), with acetic acid (9.5%), furfural (8.1%), and phenol (5.8%) as the main components. These findings underscore the considerable potential of sugarcane bagasse and leaf waste as feedstocks for producing valuable biochar and bio-oil through pyrolysis.