فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly way of combatting antimicrobial resistance. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were successfully synthesized through an environmentally friendly green approach with Thymus daenensis extract acting as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy, which exhibited a characteristic absorption band around 356 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid functional groups in the extract, which are involved in the production and stabilization of the nanoparticles. Structural and morphological characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) demonstrated that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were crystalline and predominantly spherical, with an average particle size of around 45 nm. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles was evaluated against both Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) and Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis ) bacterial strains. This revealed significant inhibitory effects, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 mg/mL. These findings indicate that Thymus daenensis is an effective, sustainable, and non-toxic bioresource for the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with promising biomedical and antimicrobial applications.