Factors Influencing COVID-19 Mortality in Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients: A Comparative Study at Ayatollah Khansari Hospital in Arak
نویسندگان
1 Department Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of Medical Imaging, Shahid Soleimani Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Fardis, Alborz, Iran
3 Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Ayatollah Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
5 Department of Medical Imaging, Kamali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
6 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
doi
10.30476/mejc.2025.104660.2198چکیده
Background: Cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) due to their clinical characteristics. The present study investigated factors influencing COVID-19 mortality in cancer versus non-cancer patients. Method: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 801 COVID-19 patients, including 738 non-cancer patients and 63 cancer patients at Ayatollah Khansari Hospital, Arak, from March 2018 to March 2019. Data on laboratory results, medications, clinical symptoms, medical history, and imaging findings were collected. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between cancer status and mortality, controlling for age and gender. Results: Multivariable logistic regression showed higher mortality risk in patients aged ≥60 (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01–2.60) and men (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.12–3.15). The use of anticoagulants (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.18–4.02) and antibiotics (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.07–1.58) increased mortality risk, while corticosteroid use reduced it (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.21–0.60). Non-cancer patients had a 59% lower risk of death compared with cancer patients (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.20–0.88). Conclusion: Cancer patients with COVID-19 face significantly higher mortality risks. Tailoring treatment plans, prioritizing vaccination, and enhancing therapeutic interventions for this vulnerable group are essential.
