فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is notorious for rapid evolution of resistance, often implicating cytochrome P450–mediated detoxification in control failures. This study evaluated whether geographically distinct Iranian populations exhibit consistent or divergent transcriptional responses of two candidate P450 genes following exposure to two widely used insecticide classes. We compared three field populations after exposure to acetamiprid (neonicotinoid) and cypermethrin (pyrethroid) and quantified time-dependent transcript changes in CYP321E1 and CYP9G2 at 48 h and 72 h, complemented by phylogenetic placement of both loci to contextualize sequence relatedness. CYP321E1 showed pronounced and sustained induction in the Arak population under both insecticides (≈22–68-fold after acetamiprid and ≈50–59-fold after cypermethrin across 48–72 h), whereas Karaj displayed intermediate induction with marked attenuation at 72 h under cypermethrin, and Qazvin exhibited a stronger response to acetamiprid than to cypermethrin with declining expression at 72 h. CYP9G2 responses were heterogeneous: Qazvin showed robust induction across insecticides and time points, Arak exhibited a transient increase primarily under cypermethrin at 48 h with minimal late response, and Karaj showed its clearest induction at 72 h under cypermethrin. Phylogenetic reconstructions supported clearer near-neighbor placements but weakly resolved deeper relationships, consistent with rapid P450 diversification. Collectively, these findings indicate population-specific detoxification transcriptional architectures and nominate CYP321E1/CYP9G2 as region-sensitive candidate markers to prioritize for functional validation and resistance monitoring.