فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study examines the efficacy of bifunctional biochar-based catalysts in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of pyrolytic bio-oil from oil palm shells. Biochar was produced via pyrolysis and modified with Co-Mo and Ni-Mo to enhance catalytic effectiveness. Characterization revealed that activation increased the biochar's surface area significantly from 10.597 m²/g to 218.964 m²/g, although metal impregnation caused a slight reduction. The HDO process in a fixed-bed reactor showed optimal results at 300 °C, with varying liquid product yields for different catalysts. GC-MS analysis indicated a reduction in oxygenated compounds post-HDO, with specific catalysts achieving notable hydrocarbon formation and selectivity towards phenols. The upgraded bio-oil demonstrated enhanced physicochemical properties, making it more suitable as a biofuel. The study emphasizes the potential of biochar-supported bimetallic catalysts in bio-oil upgrading, highlighting the advantages of Co - Mo/A-Biochar and Ni - Mo/A-Biochar. These results illustrate the viability of palm shell waste in sustainable biofuel production, addressing environmental and energy concerns .