فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). The early stage of MF is characterized by distinct erythematous patches, indurated plaques, poikilodermatous changes, and a variety of pleomorphic lesions that vary in size and configuration. Distinguishing early-stage MF from confounding inflammatory skin disorders, such as chronic eczema and psoriasis, presents a diagnostic challenge. This study aimed to identify specific biomarkers for MF that could facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis, optimize treatment strategies, and monitor therapeutic efficacy.Methods: The GSE221148 dataset was extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. All sample types were classified, followed by quality control and data visualization to enhance group homogeneity and reduce noise in downstream analyses. The DESeq2 package in R was applied to perform differential gene expression analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on two criteria: P < 0.01 and |log fold change| > 1.5. Functional enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, was conducted using the clusterProfiler R package to identify pathways of upregulated DEGs. To find hub genes, proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed, and the hub genes were selected as potential biomarkers.Results: Results indicate that “leukocyte-mediated immunity” and “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction” were recognized as highly relevant pathways. CCR7, CCR5, CCR2, CXCR3, and CXCL9 were identified as hub genes and selected as biomarkers.Conclusion: In conclusion, CCR7, CCR5, CCR2, CXCR3, and CXCL9 have been identified as effective biomarkers for the diagnosis of MF, particularly in its early stages.