فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This paper introduces a robust hybrid adaptive control framework for stabilizing chaotic systems under persistent, potentially large time delays. The controller is based on an enhanced Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional that integrates an energy-capturing integral term with a bounded trigonometric term. The integral term accounts for historical effects by quantifying cumulative energy over the delay period, while the trigonometric term attenuates nonlinear oscillations. Embedding these components in a single control law yields stabilization of all state variables to the equilibrium despite substantial delays. We establish Uniform Ultimate Boundedness, showing that trajectories enter a compact neighborhood of the equilibrium after a finite transient and subsequently converge. Adjustable gains enable practitioners to determine the convergence radius and the size of the attraction region according to practical requirements. The method is validated on the delayed Lorenz system; simulations with a 20-second delay demonstrate rapid convergence to a small neighborhood of the equilibrium, with the Lyapunov functional derivative remaining non-positive. A comparative study with established controllers underscores the proposed approach’s favorable trade-offs among computational cost, oscillation suppression, and explicit stability guarantees. Overall, the proposed framework delivers a practical, robust, and high-performance solution for controlling chaotic systems in the presence of large time delays.