فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study addresses the challenge of understandingspread dynamics in temporal networks by introducing aformal framework for analyzing network diameter overtime. We define three novel, time-sensitive metrics ,Effective Diameter (∽D), Peak Diameter (∗D), and τ -Diameter (τD), each capturing unique temporal aspectsof connectivity. Using simulations on four real-worldtemporal contact networks (high school, hospital, conference,and workplace), we evaluate the accuracy of ourtheoretical models. Results show strong alignment withempirical data, with low RMSE and absolute error. Wefind that effective diameter declines with higher averagedegree and increases with network size, while ∗D and τDare particularly sensitive to node removal. These findingsdemonstrate the framework’s utility for analyzingtemporal network dynamics, informing epidemic controlstrategies, and designing robust, time-aware interventions.