فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Abstract: The cashew nut crop, Anacardium occidentale L., is one of the most important export cash crops in Tanzania, contributing to the national income and that of over 500,000 households. Cashew yields have been recorded as low for the last three decades. Biotic restrictions, including insect pests and diseases, have predominantly contributed to the recorded yield loss. Despite efforts to develop cashew protection technologies and new high-yielding, disease-tolerant cashew varieties, the situation has remained unchanged for the last decade. Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum is the major soilborne fungal pathogen affecting cashew in Tanzania. The devastating waves of Fusarium wilt epidemics have been observed in a diversity of crops globally, affecting both production and productivity. The infestations caused by Fusarium wilt may result in a loss of up to 100 percent if no precautionary measures are taken promptly. Presently, no pathogenic races are reported in the cashew crop despite the variation in symptoms exhibited in cashew plants. The development of molecular tools (specific primers) to distinguish between formae speciales and or pathogenic races is of paramount importance towards the establishment of precise and accurate management strategies. This is accompanied by an incorporation of a molecular breeding programme, which involves techniques for identifying molecular markers linked to genes controlling Fusarium wilt. However, integrated disease management, which encompasses cultural, chemical, and biological control, is also of paramount importance in preventing Fusarium wilt of cashew.