فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

One of the most destructive pests affecting stored legumes is the bruchid beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). This study investigated the fumigant toxicity, oviposition deterrence, and repellency of three essential oils (EOs), including Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, Cuminum cyminum (L.), and Melaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) against C. maculatus adults. The lethal concentrations (LC50) for the EOs were determined as 1.727 µL/L air for T. ammi, 1.219 µL/L air for C. cyminum, and 1.622 µL/L air for M. viminalis, with a dose-dependent increase in adult mortality with rising EO concentrations. Oviposition deterrence was assessed on various bean types, including white kidney beans, common beans, cowpeas, navy beans, and red kidney beans. Notably, T. ammi oil at 5 µL/g of seeds completely inhibited oviposition, whereas 2 µL/g resulted in 88-94% inhibition. In contrast, M. viminalis oil showed the least deterrence at the same concentration, ranging from 60% to 77%. The control group exhibited significant variation in egg-laying across bean types, with cowpeas showing the highest egg count, followed by white kidney and common beans. All EOs effectively reduced both egg numbers and hatch rates. The repellent efficacy was highest in treated cowpeas, with C. cyminum oil exhibiting a notable repellent activity of 80%, compared to 46.66% for T. ammi and 33.33% for M. viminalis oils. Our findings underscore the potential of these oils as natural alternatives for managing C. maculatus infestations in stored legumes.