Identification of different types of resistance to stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, in some dryland wheat genotypes of Iran
نویسندگان
1 Department of Cereal Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
2 Department of Cereal Research, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Maragheh, Iran.
3 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardabil, Iran.
4 Department of Cereal Research, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Maragheh, Iran.
doi
10.48311/jcp.2025.76238.0چکیده
Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici (Pst), is a globally devastating wheat disease and a critical yield-limiting factor in Iran, often resulting in severe production losses and necessitating costly chemical interventions. The deployment of host resistance remains the most economical and sustainable management strategy. This study aimed to identify different types of resistance to stripe rust among dryland wheat genotypes to support cultivar improvement programs. A collection of 233 dryland wheat genotypes (comprising 120 winter bread wheat, 64 spring bread wheat, and 49 durum wheat) was evaluated for adult plant resistance (APR) under field conditions at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Station, Iran. Parallel seedling resistance screenings against two prevalent Pst pathotypes (6E6A+, Yr27 and 142E158A+, Yr27) were conducted under controlled greenhouse conditions. The results revealed a spectrum of resistance responses. Forty-six genotypes (19.7%) exhibited all-stage resistance (ASR) at the seedling level against both pathotypes, suggesting the presence of known seedling resistance genes such as Yr3b, Yr4, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, YrSP, YrCV, YrSD, or other unidentified genes. Fourteen genotypes were susceptible as seedlings to at least one pathotype but displayed a low relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) value (0-10) in the field, indicating effective APR. Another 10 genotypes, susceptible at the seedling stage, showed moderate rAUDPC values (11-30), characteristic of slow-rusting (SR) resistance. The remaining 163 genotypes were highly susceptible (high rAUDPC) in the field, regardless of their seedling response. The resistant genotypes identified in this study, particularly those with APR and SR characteristics, represent valuable genetic resources for breeding programs aimed at pyramiding multiple resistance genes to develop durable resistance and achieve long-term control of stripe rust in Iran.
