فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Walnut aphids, the small walnut aphid Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach), and the large walnut aphid Panaphis juglandis (Goeze) are economic pests of walnut trees in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province Southwestern Iran. The population fluctuations of walnut aphids and their natural enemies were studied under field conditions over two successive years, 2022 and 2023. The sampling unit was a cluster of five leaves. A total of 100 samples were taken weekly from all strata upon ten chosen trees. In both years, the small walnut aphid population was continuously increasing and reached its maximum density during mid-May to late June, while the population of large walnut aphid had a short peak between mid-May and mid-June or mid-July. Field studies showed that both walnut aphids were overwintered as eggs in small seams and cracks of walnut, especially at the bases of fallen leaves. Overwintering eggs were hatched depending on the climate conditions during the third decade of March in Saman orchard and the first decade of April in Farokhshahr orchard. Our findings may provide practical information about the seasonal abundance of walnut aphids, which is useful for agricultural experts and farmers to develop effective integrated pest management (IPM) programs.