فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a major pest in Iran, causing significant agricultural losses. Biological control methods are crucial for reducing reliance on chemical insecticides and fungicides, minimizing environmental pollution, and mitigating insect resistance. This study evaluated the toxicity of the insecticides flonicamid and thiocyclam, the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, the compatibility of the fungicides iprodione and carbendazim, and famoxadone and cymoxanil with B. bassiana, and the efficacy of insecticide-fungus combinations against second-instar onion thrips. A completely randomized design with four replications was conducted under laboratory conditions. Results showed that LC50 values for thiocyclam, flonicamid, and B. bassiana were 4.3 mg L⁻¹, 2.3 mg L⁻¹, and 5.4 × 10⁷ conidia mL⁻¹, respectively. Thrips mortality increased with higher concentrations and longer exposure to insecticides and B. bassiana. Flonicamid did not affect the germination or mycelial growth of B. bassiana, making it a compatible insecticide. However, iprodione + carbendazim and famoxadone + cymoxanil severely inhibited the biological activity of B. bassiana, making them unsuitable for integrated pest management (IPM). The combination of B. bassiana (6 × 10⁷ conidia mL⁻¹) and flonicamid (1.2 mg L⁻¹) was the most effective treatment against onion thrips. This combination could serve as an alternative to chemical insecticides in IPM programs, pending field validation.‎