Coxiella burnetii excretion in cattle and small ruminants, respectively, during one and two successive calvings following Q fever infection in Guinea
نویسندگان
1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dalaba, Dalaba, Guinea
2 Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Scientific Research Institute, National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Institute for Rural Development (IDR), Nazi BONI University, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dalaba, Dalaba, Guinea
4 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dalaba, Dalaba, Guinea
5 Institute for Rural Development (IDR), Nazi BONI University, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
6 Department of Applied Biology, University of Labé, Labé, Guinea
7 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dalaba, Dalaba, Guinea
8 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science and Medicine of Dalaba, Dalaba, Guinea
doi
10.22034/jzd.2025.21018چکیده
This study examined the excretion of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) in domestic ruminants and its association with reproductive disorders in Guinea. Blood samples and vaginal swabs were taken from 163 cattles (110 females), 131 goats (99 females), and 142 sheep (110 females) in four ecogeographical regions of Guinea, and then subjected to PCR analysis to determine the prevalence of Q fever. Clinical examinations identified females with reproductive problems. The dynamics of C. burnetii shedding were monitored in selected females over two consecutive calving seasons. After the first calving season, PCR tests identified shedding females among those that had calved. During the second season, similar monitoring was only possible in a subgroup of small ruminants. PCR analyses confirmed the shedding of C. burnetii in females that aborted or experienced stillbirth during their first pregnancy after infection, with rates of 42.86% in goats, 29.41% in sheep, and 21.87% in cattle, with no statistically significant difference between species (p = 0.348). This shedding was strongly linked to the peripartum period, with an intermittent pattern in cattle (an increase from 4 to 12 positive cases after the first kidding), a transient pattern in goats (no shedding at the second kidding), and a prolonged or recurrent pattern in sheep (an increase from 3 to 8 positive cases). These results confirm species-specific shedding dynamics and the central role of kidding in the dissemination of C. burnetii.
