فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

In livestock industry, diarrhea remains the leading cause of illness and death in newborn calves, resulting in mortality, decreased growth rate, and a 10-15% slump in productivity. This complex disease requires comprehensive therapeutic strategies, because it is often caused by a combination of viral, bacterial, and protozoan parasites. Elimination of the pathogens and modification of the immune system are essential in comprehensive therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the cellular and humoral immune response of calves to the treatment and prevention of diarrhea with a new biogenic polyvalent immunomodulatory preparation called “Biodiarim-T.” The biopreparation was derived from hyperimmune sera of bulls immunized with viral and bacterial isolates (bovine rotavirus, coronavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, herpes virus 3, Escherichia coli K99, and Salmonella spp). The immunization was completed with tissue antigens from the calves’ gastrointestinal tract. 40 calves from birth to 1.5 months of age were split into equal experimental and control groups. 25 days post treatment, the clinical, serological, hematological and immunological parameters were recorded. Calves with diarrhea showed notable immunosuppression. They had a 26% reduction in T-lymphocytes and a 1.79-fold decrease in B-lymphocytes compared to healthy animals. After administering Biodiarim-T, experimental groups displayed quick immune system activation. T-lymphocyte levels rose by 2.9%, and B-lymphocytes increased by 10.6% within 15 days. Hematological parameters improved significantly. Total protein went up by 18.2%, the erythrocyte count by 8.6%, and hemoglobin by 5.52% after 25 days. Clinical results showed impressive efficacy: diarrhea morbidity fell from 67% to 20%, mortality from 22.5% to 6.7%, while daily weight gain increased by 130-140g, and treatment duration shortened from 6.4 to 3.2 days.  In conclusion, Biodiarim-T shows strong therapeutic and preventive effectiveness against calf diarrhea by activating both cellular and humoral immunity.