Eco-friendly management of Saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) in stored date fruits: efficacy of plant-derived powders and essential oils
نویسندگان
1 Center for Insect Farming and Entomological Entrepreneurship (CIFEE), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
2 Center for Insect Farming and Entomological Entrepreneurship (CIFEE), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
3 Center for Insect Farming and Entomological Entrepreneurship (CIFEE), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
4 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
5 Center for Insect Farming and Entomological Entrepreneurship (CIFEE), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
6 Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
doi
10.22034/jesi.46.1.8چکیده
The saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Col., Silvanidae), is a major pest causing significant infestation in stored dried and semi-dried date fruits. This study explored the insecticidal potential of plant derived essential oils and powders against O. surinamensis. Dates were collected from the local market, and O. surinamensis were reared on dates in plastic boxes. Beetles raised on dates in plastic containers were exposed to six essential oils- Turpentine, Eucalyptus, Black Seed, Rosemary, Radish Seed, and Wheat seed through space fumigation. The essential oils were applied at concentrations of 6, 12, 18, and 24 µl/L for durations of 24, 48, and 72 hours. Turpentine oil exhibited the highest toxicity, with LC50 values of 24.020, 28.236, and 32.720 ppm after 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure, respectively. Additionally, five plant powders (neem, eucalyptus, tamarind, lemon grass, and moringa) were tested against O. surinamensis. Neem powder caused the highest mortality rates, showing significant differences compared to other powders at all exposure intervals (24, 48, 72 hours). The results demonstrate that Turpentine oil and Neem powder are highly effective against O. surinamensis and represent potential candidates for integrated pest management (IPM) in stored dates. Further research is required to optimize application methods and dosages, assess long term impacts and resistance potential, conduct facility scale trials, and perform economic analyses to determine the practicality and efficiency of these natural pesticides.
