فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Over the past two decades, countries have undertaken significant efforts to shift their energy mix from fossil fuels to renewable sources as part of their sustainable development agenda. This transition in energy composition has sparked inquiries into its impact on economic growth, leading to the formulation of various hypotheses regarding the causal link between energy diversification and economic expansion. Against this backdrop, this study conducts a comparative examination of the causal relationship between energy diversification and GDP growth in both developing and developed countries from 2000 to 2021, utilizing the causality approach introduced by Konya (2006). Konya's method is based on apparently unrelated regression (SUR) and Wald tests with country-specific bootstrap critical values. Additionally, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) causality test is applied to analyze causality within the country groups. The empirical findings from Konya's causality test reveal a lack of consensus on the direction of causality between energy diversification and GDP growth, with results varying at the country level. Furthermore, the results of the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test indicate a unidirectional causality from GDP per capita growth to energy diversification in both developing and developed country groups.