فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Introduction: Hepatokines are liver-derived proteins that play critical roles in regulating metabolic processes. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, dysregulation of hepatokines, particularly fetuin-A and fetuin-B, has been associated with insulin resistance and increased inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week combined exercise regimen coupled with broccoli consumption on the serum levels of fetuin-A and fetuin-B in men with type 2 diabetes. Method: This quasi-experimental and applied pre-test and post-test research was conducted on 44 male participants with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=11 per group): exercise-supplement group, exercise-placebo group, control-supplement group, and control-placebo group based on individual characteristics. The training protocol involved 45 minutes of resistance exercise at an intensity of 60-70% of one repetition maximum, followed by 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (running) at an intensity of 60-70% of the maximum heart rate. Broccoli was administered in powdered form, with each participant receiving 10 grams per day for a duration of 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected 48 hours prior to the initiation of the training program and again 48 hours after the completion of the final training session to analyze the relevant biomarkers. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using a two-way analysis of variance, while intragroup differences were evaluated using a paired t-test. Results: The results demonstrated that exercise had a statistically significant impact on plasma levels of fetuin A (p=0.004) and fetuin B (p=0.029) in men with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, broccoli supplementation also significantly affected plasma levels of fetuin A (p=0.001) and fetuin B (p=0.001). Additionally, the interaction effect between exercise and broccoli supplementation on the plasma levels of both fetuin A (p=0.002) and fetuin B (p=0.015) was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Regular aerobic exercise significantly reduced fetuin A levels, thereby enhancing insulin sensitivity and improving overall metabolic health. Supplementing the diet with broccoli further supported these benefits by reducing insulin resistance and potentially lowering inflammation through its bioactive compounds. In conclusion, combining aerobic exercise with broccoli supplementation presents an effective strategy to improve metabolic health in men with type 2 diabetes, particularly by modulating key proteins such as fetuin A and fetuin B.