Evaluating the Dietary Factors Most Closely Associated with Diabetes Mellitus Using a Decision-Making Tree Algorithm
نویسندگان
1 Department of Applied Mathematics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran.
4 Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
5 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
6 Department of Applied Mathematics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
7 Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
8 Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
9 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
10 Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK.
11 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
12 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
13 Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
14 Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
15 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
16 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology California, Loma Linda University, USA.
17 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
18 International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
doi
10.22038/jnfh.2023.72519.1445چکیده
Introduction: The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with lifestyle factors, including dietary patterns. A diet rich in macro- and micronutrients has been reported to reduce the risk of T2DM. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the dietary factors most closely associated with T2DM in subjects within the MASHAD cohort using a decision tree algorithm. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 9704 individuals from the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorders (MASHAD), of whom 5936 participants completed a 24h dietary recall questionnaire. Macronutrients and micronutrients were estimated using Diet Plan 6 software. A decision tree algorithm was utilized to evaluate the most crucial dietary nutrient intakes concerning T2DM. Results: The algorithm showed a high specificity (81.34%) but low sensitivity (34.21%), which could predict T2DM with a low-to-moderate diagnostic ability (AUC=0.58). Based on the decision tree, eight features, including dietary potassium, total sugar, sucrose, riboflavin, thiamin, sodium, total nitrogen, and magnesium, were T2DM’s most critical dietary components. Conclusion: Based on the results, consuming sugar, salt, and vitamin B was the most critical related dietary intake to T2DM. Dietary interventions may be a cost-effective strategy for preventing T2DM.
