The Correlation of Opium Addiction with the Occurrence of Staghorn Renal Stones
نویسندگان
1 Ebnesina Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Urology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Newcastle upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom
4 School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5 School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
6 School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
7 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8 School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran
9 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
doi
10.22034/tru.2023.385967.1139چکیده
Introduction: To evaluate the effect of opiate addiction on the occurrence of staghorn renal stones.Methods: In a case-control study from January 2020 to April 2020, sixty-three patients with staghorn renal stones enrolled in our study and compared with the 60 healthy patients. The exclusion criteria were age <18 years, single kidney, renal anomalies, and previous history of malignancy. The primary demographic data, including age, sex, educational status, smoking history, and nonmedical opium utilization, were compared between the two groups.Results: The incidence of staghorn kidney stones was significantly higher in males than females (45; 71.4 % male vs. 27;45.0 % P-value=0.003) respectively. There was no significant difference regarding smoking status between the patients with a staghorn kidney stone and the control group (14;22.2 % vs. 15;25.0 % P-value=0.717). The prevalence of addiction in patients with staghorn kidney stones was significantly higher than in the control group (30 patients; 46.2% vs. 7 patients;11.7 %, P-value<0.001). In the case group, fifty patients (79.4%) were undergraduates compared to 28 patients (46.7%) in the control group (P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Our study represents higher proportions of men and uneducated persons with staghorn renal stones. Nonmedical Opiate addiction could be considered a risk factor for staghorn kidney stones.
