Green Synthesis of Silver and Cerium Co-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Ziziphora tenuior L. Extract: Characterization and In Vitro Anticancer Activity Against Glioblastoma
نویسندگان
1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
5 Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
6 Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
7 Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
8 Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
9 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
doi
10.22034/nmrj.2025.02.010چکیده
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) presents significant treatment challenges due to genetic heterogeneity and resistance to conventional therapies. This research investigates the prospects of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles co-doped with cerium and silver (Ce-Ag@ZnO) coated by Ziziphora tenuior extract as an innovative anticancer agent against GBM. The results of characterizing nanoparticles by UV-Vis, FTIR, and XRD confirm the successful development of pure Ce-Ag@ZnO with a crystalline structure. The FESEM and EDX/mapping outcomes showed Ce-Ag@ZnO were spherical with a mean size of 31.77 ± 3.7 nm. These nanoparticles exhibited high selectivity toward cancer cells (U87 and U251 cell lines) with IC50 values of 40.56 and 45.44 µg/mL and reduced toxicity towards normal human fibroblast cells (HFF cell lines). In addition, the release of Zn2+ ions and the consequent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production lead to apoptosis as evidenced by elevated levels of apoptotic cells. While this study presents promising insights into the anticancer efficacy and selectivity of Ce-Ag@ZnO against GBM, further research is required to investigate and clarify the intricate molecular mechanisms involved. Overall, this approach highlights the capability of nanotechnology and plant-derived compounds in developing effective therapies for resistant cancers, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes for GBM patients.
