Alginate nanoparticles containing Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil and α-pinene: cytotoxicity and effect on apoptotic-involved genes in human melanoma and breast cancer cell lines
نویسندگان
1 Estahban Higher Education Center- Shiraz University, Estahban, Iran
2 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
4 Department of medical nanotechnology, schools of advanced technologies in medicine, Fasa university of medical sciences (FUMS), Fasa, Iran.
5 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
6 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
doi
10.22034/nmrj.2023.03.009چکیده
Cancers are one of the major causes of death, and the development of new medicine using advanced technologies such as nanotechnology has thus received more attention. Rosmarinus officinalis as a common medicinal plant possess many biological effects, such as anticancer effects. This study investigated the chemical compositions of its essential oil using GC-MS analysis. Alpha-pinene (24.0%), eucalyptol (16.99%), verbenone (8.79%), L-borneol (7.79%), and camphor (6.87%) were the five major compounds. After that, alginate nanoparticles containing α-pinene (major compound) and R. officinalis essential oil were prepared with particle sizes of 137 ± 8 and 151 ± 7. Besides, successful loading of α-pinene or the essential oil in nanoparticles was confirmed using ATR-FTIR analysis. The efficacy (IC50) of alginate nanoparticles containing α-pinene against A-375 and MCF-7 were 582 (179-1886) µg/mL and 94 (47-187) µg/mL. These values for alginate nanoparticles containing R. officinalis essential oil were obtained as 807 (470-1383) µg/mL and 235 (168-328) µg/mL. Moreover, RT-PCR results show that the Bcl2 (anti-apoptotic gene) level in MCF-7 treated cells with alginate nanoparticles containing R. officinalis essential oil was higher than Bax (apoptotic gene); another cell death pathway rather than apoptosis was involved. Considering the proper efficacy of alginate nanoparticles containing the essential oil or α-pinene, especially against MCF-7 cells, they could be considered for further investigation in vivo.
