فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Iraq’s abundant solar resources offer a substantial potential for harnessing solar energy. However, improving the efficiency of solar energy systems, especially solar thermal collectors, is a critical step toward increasing the country’s reliance on solar power. Nanofluids—suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids—have emerged as promising heat transfer fluids that can significantly enhance the efficiency of solar thermal systems. In this paper, the use of mono nanofluids in FPSC flat plate solar collectors inside Iraq is studied. This study focuses on knowing the benefits of using nanofluid and their impact on increasing efficiency and also examining the obstacles to the use of these materials, where many studies conducted inside Iraq are reviewed. And also focus on the extent of applications within Iraq's dry and humid climate. Finally, this paper reviews the most important recommendations for optimal nanofluidic use in a flat plate solar collector. Previous studies have shown that water is the most suitable base fluid due to its good thermal conductivity compared to other fluids. As for nanoparticles, MWCNT demonstrated a clear advantage over other particles, reaching an efficiency of over 80%. However, these particles should be used at concentrations not exceeding 5% to avoid damaging the system.