Operating Room the Base of Morality and the Basis ofHumanistic Professional Duties
نویسندگان
1 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
2 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
3 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
4 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
5 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
6 Professor of General and Vascular Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, President of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
7 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
8 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
9 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
10 Member of the Board of Directors of the Iranian Society of Surgeons
11 ***Professor of General & Cancer Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Head of Cancer Research Center, Institute Cancer, Tehran, Iran
doi
چکیده
Introduction & Objective: Operating room (OR), is an isolated, secured, specialized and Holyenvironment in which, surgical patients are accepted, operated, and managed with highest dignity, respect andcompassion. Ethical and professional issues pertaining to anesthesia, surgery, and optimal care of patients at OR, areunique, critical and controversial. Defining, approving and application of surgical codes of ethics, professionalprinciples and moral values is mandatory in situations specific to OR. Unethical and unprofessional behavior, in anyform or by any means, is forbidden by all members of OR team. This article reviews these priciples with respect to allpertinent processes in OR during the preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative periods.Materials & Methods: The study designed and conducted by an expert group of ethics committee of IranianSurgical Association and were further enhanced by internal and external experts. Lists of relevant ethical issues weredeveloped by literature review of recent 3 decades, and ordered in main categories by focus group discussion.Fundamental ethical and professional principles, accepted and preferential moral values, and unethical behaviors,were established and arranged in order of priority.Results: We identified 14 main categories of fundamental ethical and professional principles, 237 preferentialissues, and several important sub-topics. Main categories are as below:1. OR ethics organizational structure2. Fundamental ethical principles and moral values3. Fundamental ethical practice of anesthesiology in OR4. Fundamental surgical ethics in OR5. Interprofessional collaboration and communication in OR6. Surgeons and Anesthesiologists common ethical and professional responsibilities in OR7. Ethical and professional responsibilities of OR nursing8. Technician duties and and professional ethical responsibilities in OR9. Standards of practice, Legal and Professional aspects of OR duties10. OR safety and guideline of safe surgery: ethical and professional obligations11.OR conflicts: roots, prevention, mamagement strategies and instant value-based resolution12.Ethical principles special to residency education at OR13.Principles of ethical and professional cpnduct in different surgical disciplines14.Ethical aspects of surgical research at OREach main category followed by a list of relevant, specialized codes, ethical principles, moral values, professionalregulations, or other topics, and was concluded at discussion section of the article.Conclusions: Recognition and regard the principles of surgical ethics and professionalism have become acentral area of attention by Iranian Surgical Association. This study is a guide to widely accepted recommendations,applicable in anesthesiology, general surgery, nursing, technicians, and various other surgical and anesthesiologydisciplines, as well as other OR team members.
