فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

A plastic pot experiment was carried out in the courtyard of Al-Husseiniya Holy Shrine, which is situated in the Karbala Governorate , to investigate the effect of foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3) on certain plant enzymes in chamomile Matricaria chamomilla L. under different levels of irrigation levels. Two factors were included in the experiment. Iron oxide nanoparticles (represented by the letter F) applied topically at four different concentrations was the first factor :)) 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg L-¹(. The second factor was salinity levels (denoted as S), applied at four levels:) 2, 4, 6, and 8 dS m-¹(. Plants were grown in a loamy sand soil. Foliar spraying was carried out at four growth stages: the first at the stage of six leaves, the second at the stage of ten, the third at the stage of fifteen, and the fourth prior to flowering. A Completely Randomized Design (C.R.D.) with four repetitions was used to organize the experiment’s 64 experimental units. The collected data underwent statistical analysis: The activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT; katal g-¹ FW), superoxide dismutase (SOD; U g-¹ FW), peroxidase (POD; U g-¹ FW), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; U g-¹ FW), were significantly impacted by foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles under individual treatment. In comparison to the control treatment, the highest reported values were 51.2, 309.3, 0.298, and 0.3483 U g-¹ FW, respectively. Under salinity stress, a significant increase was also observed in the activities of CAT, SOD, POD, and APX enzymes under individual treatments. The enzyme activities reached their maximum values of )51.8, 353.7, 0.322, and 0.2596 U g-¹ FW(, respectively, compared to the control. Significant differences were detected under the interaction treatments for CAT, SOD, POD, and APX activities. The treatment F3S3 exhibited the highest enzyme activities, reaching )76.8, 598.0, 0.445, and 0.4695 U g-¹ FW(, respectively, compared with the control.