Designing g-C3N4/ZnCo2O4 Modified WO3 Nanocomposite for Rhodamine Dye Degradation Under Visible Light Irradiation: Synthesis, Characterization, Rational Optimization, and Synergistic Mechanism
نویسندگان
1 Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
2 Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
doi
10.22052/JNS.2026.01.014چکیده
In order to develop novel photocatalysts that contribute to the degradation of organic pollutants in water, g-C3N4/WO3/ZnCO2O4 nanocomposite was fabricated using combined ultrasonic and hydrothermal methodologies to create a double Z-scheme system for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye (RhB). The fabricated nanocomposite was first described using various techniques, SEM, XRD, TEM, DRS, EDS, and XPS. XPS and XRD analyses which exhibited the successful distribution of ZnCO2O4 into g-C3N4/WO3 nanohybrid and suggest a strong interaction between ZnCO2O4 into g-C3N4/WO3. Microscopic analyses revealed that the ZnCO2O4 into g-C3N4/WO3 nanocomposite have a morphology like lumps with a uniform particle size distribution. Following the characterization, several parameters such as catalyst dosage, pH, and initial pollutant concentration were optimized to achieve best results. Our findings demonstrate that a dual Z-scheme system of g-C3N4/WO3/ZnCO2O4 effectively degrades Rhodamine B. The results showed that the photocatalytic system was able to degrade 98% of rhodamine B within 55 min under the optimal conditions of pH 7 and catalyst dosage of 0.15 g/L. Investigation of various scavengers indicated that that hydroxyl radicals and holes play the most contributing role in the photodegradation of the dye molecules.
