فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study was aimed to find out the inhibitory effect of phytol, metal nanoparticles (Zirconium-NPs, Zinc-NPs, and Cerium-NPs) and cefixime on the virulence genes of most important causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTI) bacteria, Uro-pathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The Real Time PCR was then used to analyze the virulence genes fimH, sfa, cnf1, bolA, csgD, and pgaC. These genes were overall down regulated by all treatments, particularly when treating with Phytol + Cefixime. Here, we employed this combinatorial approach and found the most down regulated gene as the fimH gene, an essential gene for UPEC adhesion to host tissues, to have a fold value of 11.11. Maximal down regulation of cnf1 gene involved in tissue damage was noted in Phytol+ Cefixime (fold value 333.33) illustrating less cytotoxic drug. Similarly, ZrNPs and ZnNPs had strong inhibition of fimH fold value = 5.95 (ZrNPs), sfa and pgaC genes. Differential effect in down regulating the bolA gene (biofilm formation gene) was observed most of the treatments except treatments of Phytol+ CeNPs and Cefixime+ ZnNPs. Moreover, Curli production and biofilm integrity were significantly reduced in CsgD, critical for curli and biofilm formation, by a fold value of 2.19 when it was subjected to Cefixime + ZnNPs treatment. For multi drug resistant infections, these medicines combined may be useful in improving UTI treatment, all surfaces characterized by using advanced techniques such as XRD and FESEM.