Application of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Incorporated on Chitosan-Carbon Nanotubes (CaP@CS–CNT) for Investigation of Physiochemical and Mechanical of Bone Cement
نویسندگان
1 Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
2 Termez University of Economics and Service, Termez, Uzbekistan
3 Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4 Urgench State University named after Abu Raykhan Beruni, Urgench, Uzbekistan
5 Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
6 Urganch Innovation University, Urgench, Uzbekistan
7 Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
8 Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, Uzbekistan
9 Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
10 Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
11 Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Termez, Uzbekistan
12 Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
13 Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.04.057چکیده
In this study, we report a rationally engineered CaP@CS–CNT nanocomposite as a multifunctional reinforcement for bone cement, combining hydroxyapatite-like calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles with a chitosan–carbon nanotube (CS–CNT) network. The synthesis follows a three-stage strategy: (i) controlled precipitation to generate CaP nuclei, (ii) fabrication of a CS–CNT scaffold via acid-functionalized multi-walled CNTs dispersed in chitosan under acidic conditions with optimized CS:CNT ratio, and (iii) in situ mineralization of CaP onto the CS–CNT surface to yield CaP@CS–CNT with ~20 wt% CaP loading. Characterization by FE-SEM revealed a hierarchical morphology where nanoscale CaP crystals decorate the CS–CNT backbone without compromising CNT integrity. FT-IR confirmed the coexistence of CNT–associated vibrations and CaP phosphate bands, consistent with surface-confined mineralization and strong interfacial interactions mediated by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic forces. Biocompatibility assessments demonstrated low cytotoxicity to osteoblastic cells, minimal hemolysis in human erythrocytes, and negligible acute inflammatory activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages, relative to CaP or CS–CNT controls. Mechanical and physiochemical analyses indicated enhanced flexural strength and favorable dispersion within cement matrices, attributed to the percolating CS–CNT network augmented by hydrophilic CaP domains that promote load transfer and crack deflection. Collectively, CaP@CS–CNT emerges as a bioactive, mechanically robust additive with potential to improve osteoconductivity and longevity of bone cement implants, warranting further in vivo evaluation.
