Application of Corn Starch Nanoparticles Immobilized on Hydroxyapatite Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (CSNP@HA–MWCNTs) in Bone Tissue Engineering
نویسندگان
1 Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
2 Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
3 Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
4 Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
5 Andijan State Medical Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan
6 Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
7 Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
8 Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
9 Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
10 Fergana medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, Uzbekistan
11 Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Chirchik, Uzbekistan
12 Termez State University, Termez, Uzbekistan
13 Urgench state university, Urganch, Uzbekistan
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.04.075چکیده
Critical-sized femoral defects still pose a clinical challenge because conventional grafts lack the spatiotemporal control required to couple vascular invasion with de-novo bone formation. We report a third-generation scaffold that converses in the biochemical dialect of bone: corn-starch nanoparticles (CSNP) covalently immobilized on hydroxyapatite-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CSNP@HA–MWCNT). Regio-selective periodate oxidation of starch generates dialdehyde chains that Schiff-base-tether to HA and MWCNT surfaces, yielding a ternary hybrid (75 % mass recovery) with 1.2 S m⁻¹ conductivity and 27 wt % mineral content. Ionotropic bead formation (2.1 ± 0.1 mm Ø, 78 % open porosity) provides immediate press-fit stability (185 kPa modulus) while permitting 6.8 g g⁻¹ swelling. Enzymatic degradation releases 73 % of the polysaccharide within 21 days, unmasking a persistent HA–MWCNT lattice that delivers 42 ppm Ca²⁺ burst followed by zero-order release (0.35 µg mL⁻¹ d⁻¹). In vitro, metabolic activity of murine mesenchymal stem cells peaks at 135 % of plastic, ALP at 3.2 µU ng⁻¹ DNA and mineral deposition at 38 µg Ca cm⁻² (day 21). In a 5 mm rat femoral defect, 78 ± 5 % radiographic bridging versus 19 ± 4 % for empty controls (p < 0.001) is achieved at 8 weeks with a histological score of 1.2, confirming low inflammation and mature trabeculae. The construct offers an instructive, load-bearing alternative that begins life in a cornfield yet finishes in cortical bone.
