Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid TiO2-MgO Nanoparticles Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide (TiO₂-MgO/rGO (TMG)) as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agent
نویسندگان
1 Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
2 Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
3 Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, Uzbekistan
4 Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
5 Urgench State University named after Abu Rayhan Beruni, Urgench, Uzbekistan
6 Andijan State Medical Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan
7 Kokand State University, Kokand, Republic of Uzbekistan
8 Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
9 Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
10 Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
11 Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
12 Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Chirchik, Uzbekistan
13 Fergana State Technical University, Fergana, Uzbekistan
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.04.087چکیده
The escalating challenge of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the development of novel, multi-mechanistic agents. This work presents the rational design and synthesis of a ternary TiO₂-MgO/reduced graphene oxide (TiO₂-MgO/rGO) nanocomposite (designated as TMG) via a facile two-step hydrothermal route. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the successful formation of the hybrid structure, where uniformly dispersed, quasi-spherical TiO₂-MgO nanoparticles (20-40 nm) were anchored on the crumpled rGO sheets. FT-IR and UV-Vis DRS analyses verified the effective reduction of GO and indicated enhanced visible-light absorption, suggesting improved charge separation. The nanocomposite exhibited superior, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity compared to its individual components (TiO₂/rGO and MgO/rGO) and pristine rGO. Quantitative microdilution assays against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans revealed significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for TMG (62.5, 125, and 125 µg/mL, respectively), with a bactericidal/fungicidal mode of action. Synergy was mathematically confirmed by fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICi ≤ 0.5), attributed to the combined effects of TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic ROS generation, MgO-induced membrane stress, and the high dispersion and membrane-disruptive capability of the rGO support. The TMG nanocomposite demonstrates great potential as a potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent for applications where conventional antibiotics face limitations.
