Friendly Green Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Citrus Aurantuim Extract and Applied in Removal of Eosin Yellow Dye
نویسندگان
1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq
3 Al-Zahraa Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Sciences (ZCMRS), Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
5 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.04.090چکیده
Biosynthetic routes for producing nanoparticles have created a wide interest due to their environmental friendliness, simplicity, affordability, and clean technology. They do not contain hazardous chemicals or produce contaminants or byproducts. This work affords a green synthesis approach for cerium oxide nanoparticles CeO2NP performed using hexane extract from Citrus aurantuim peels sourced from Karbala-Iraq. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of this hexane extract recognized key bioactive compounds inside the Citrus aurantuim peels extract, which included Limonene (35.72%), β-Pinene (25.43%), Myrcene (15.87%), and Linalool (12.34%) that elevated the stabilization of synthesis CeO2NP. XRD of synthesis CeO2NP revealed a cubic fluorite shape with a mean crystal size of 12nm. BET analysis indicated a specific floor area of 85.6 m²/g and a mean pore diameter of 8.2 nm, ensuring a mesoporous structure. The perfect removal of 10 ppm of eosin yellow dye using 0.025 g of CeO2 NPs turned into pH 6 at 90 min which agreed with zeta potential analysis, and the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The ∆Ho of adsorption is 13.430 kJ/mol due to this reaction being physical adsorption. The reusability study showed the CeO2NP could be successfully used up to the 3rd cycle before a loss of 50% from efficiency.
