Fabrication and Characterization of Nano-Scale ZnO/Hydrozyapatite Composite as a Robust Catalyst in the Synthesis of 2-Amino-4H-Chromene Derivations
نویسندگان
1 College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
2 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
3 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
4 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
5 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.03.009چکیده
In this current paper, a nano-scale ZnO/hydroxyapatite composite has been synthesized via routine pathway: co-precipitation. Also, a three-component reaction of malononitrile, 4-hydroxycoumarine, and different aryl aldehydes has been achieved in ethanol media under reflux conditions in the presence of the nano-scale ZnO/hydroxyapatite composite as a robust recyclable, efficient, and heterogeneous nano-scale catalyst to produce substituted 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives. The as-prepared nano-scale catalyst has been characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) methods. Furthermore, the obtained 2-amino-4H-chromene derivative were confirmed by different techniques such as melting point (m.p.), FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. In addition, the one-pot and routine pathway (using multicomponent reactions, MCRs), good purity of product yield (from 82% to 96%), the shortest reaction time (25- 60 min), easy separation of catalyst, and reusability (6 runs) without loss of catalytic efficiency are other benefits.
