Recyclable Bio-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocatalyst for Sustainable and High-Yield Synthesis of Arylimine-Substituted Benzo[b]pyridonaphthyridin-7-one Derivatives in Water
نویسندگان
1 Department of Biology, College of Education, Akre University for Applied Science, Duhok, Iraq
2 Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
3 Department of Chemistry, College of Education for pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
doi
10.22052/JNS.2025.03.060چکیده
In this study, a novel and recyclable heterogeneous nanocatalyst based on creatinine-functionalized graphene oxide (GO-Si-Pr-Creatinine-SO₃H) was successfully synthesized and characterized for use in multicomponent condensation reactions. The preparation involved a stepwise functionalization of graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized via the improved Hummers’ method, followed by grafting with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, creatinine, and sulfonic acid moieties to generate the final acidic nanocatalyst. The catalytic activity of GO-Si-Pr-Creatinine-SO₃H was evaluated in the green synthesis of 3-chloro-9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrobenzo[b]pyrido[3,2-g] [1,8] naphthyridin-7(8H)-one derivatives via a one-pot three-component reaction of 2-amino-3-formylquinolines and dimedone in water. The process proceeded efficiently under mild conditions at 50 °C, yielding highly pure products after simple work-up and recrystallization. The use of water as an eco-friendly solvent further underscores the method’s sustainability. Moreover, the catalyst demonstrated excellent recyclability over multiple runs with minimal loss in activity, confirming its potential as a cost-effective and environmentally benign catalyst for use in organic transformations. This work underlines the promising role of bio-functionalized graphene-based materials in sustainable catalysis and heterocyclic compound synthesis.
