فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

The increasing applications of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in biomedical and industrial fields have drawn attention to eco-friendly synthesis methods. This study presents a green approach for SeNP production utilizing the endophytic fungus Exserohilum rostratum. The fungus-derived cell-free filtrate played a dual role as both a reducing and stabilizing medium, promoting the development of stable, spherical SeNPs. FESEM imaging revealed nanoparticle sizes ranging from 8.17 to 19.61 nm, averaging 14.26 nm in diameter. Antioxidant capacity was assessed via the DPPH assay, showing concentration-dependent scavenging efficiency ranging from 23.93 ± 4.74% to 83.3 ± 1.74%. Cytotoxicity evaluations using MTT assays showed selective inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines MCF7 and PC3, with IC₅₀ values of 134.67 ± 1.98 µg/mL and 84.0 ± 2.06 µg/mL, respectively. In contrast, normal HBL-100 cells exhibited a significantly higher IC₅₀ (405.9 ± 23.7 µg/mL), indicating reduced toxicity. Notably, co-administration with doxorubicin led to enhanced anticancer activity, decreasing the IC₅₀ values to 50.55 µg/mL (MCF7) and 22.17 µg/mL (PC3), suggesting a synergistic interaction. These findings indicate that fungal-mediated SeNPs offer a promising, biocompatible nanomaterial with potential for enhanced anticancer therapy.