In Vivo and In Vitro Biological, Histopathological and Mechanical Investigations of Modified PMMA with Different Nano-additives in Rabbit Model
نویسندگان
1 Department Material Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
2 Department Material Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
3 Department Material Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
doi
10.22052/JNS.2024.04.015چکیده
This study examined the effects of reinforcing poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resin with silicon oxide (SiO2) and apricot seed shell (ASS) nanoparticles using the ultrasonic mixing technique for cartilaginous joint applications. The microstructure, functioning groups, tensile strength, elastic modulus, compressive strength, hardness, hydrophilicity, in vitro cytotoxicity, cell culture, antibacterial effect, and in vivo performance of the sample with and without (SiO2) and (ASS) reinforcements were evaluated. The experimental investigation of samples after reinforcement with one type of filler or a combination of both fillers reveals that the mechanical and biological properties were enhanced. The highest improving rates of tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, and hardness were (66.52%, 261.5%, 49.5%, and 41.66%) for the (PMMA-1.5% SiO2NP) composite specimen and (97.82%, 469.23%, 86%, and 60.42%) for the (PMMA-1.5% SiO2NP and 7.5% ASSNP) hybrid composite sample. The PMMA samples were better at attracting water after being reinforced. The antibacterial activity results against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) show that neat PMMA did not exhibit any inhibition. But by mixing nanoparticles within the matrix, bacteria growth reduces with the increased loading of nanoparticles in the composites. The experimental results of the in vivo study using a rabbit model demonstrated that the (PMMA-1.5%SiO2-7.5%ASS) sample showed a significant response without any signs of inflammation around the surgical site compared to those obtained for a neat PMMA sample. The synthesized hybrid nanocomposite possesses excellent bioactivity and mechanical properties, promoting the attachment of chondrocyte cells compared to the PMMA neat sample.
