The Developmental Hepatotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in NMRI Mouse Neonates
نویسندگان
1 Departement of Biology, Universitas Islam Malang, Indonesia
2 Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
3 Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering Techniques, Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq University, Iraq
4 National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
5 Department of Dentistry, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
6 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
7 Department of Dentistry, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
8 Anesthesia techniques, Al–Nisour University College, Iraq
9 Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
10 Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan
doi
10.22052/JNS.2023.03.005چکیده
This study aimed to investigate the potential hepatotoxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on neonatal NMRI mice through maternal milk exposure. A total of 20 postpartum dams were divided into two groups: the experimental group received 30 mg/kg of TiO2 NPs, while the control group received deionized water for 14 days. The offspring were analyzed for oxidative stress markers, bioaccumulation, and histopathological changes in hepatic tissues. The results showed no significant difference in body weight or liver-to-body weight ratio between the treatment and control groups. However, oxidative stress was evident in the treatment group, with a significant reduction in glutathione (GSH) levels (0.8 µmol/g tissue, p<0.05) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (3.68 u/g tissue, p<0.05), compared to the control group. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicative of lipid peroxidation, were significantly higher in the treatment group (96 nmol/g tissue, p<0.001). TiO2 content was markedly increased in the treatment group’s liver (22.4 ng/g tissue, p<0.001) and stomach milk (41.6 ng/g tissue, p<0.001), suggesting bioaccumulation. Histological analysis revealed pronounced tissue degeneration and vascular changes in the treatment group’s hepatic tissues, contrasting with the normal histology observed in the control group. These findings indicate that maternal ingestion of TiO2 NPs can lead to oxidative stress and potential hepatotoxicity in neonatal mice, with significant implications for environmental and consumer product safety regulations.
