A Comprehensive Review of Pesticide Elimination Methods from Fruits and Vegetables Over the Past Two Decades: Optimizing Produce Safety for Sustainable Food Systems
نویسندگان
1 Research Center in Agri-Food Technologies, Targa Ouzemmour Road, University Campus, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences and Earth Sciences, University of Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algeria
3 Research Center in Agri-Food Technologies, Targa Ouzemmour Road, University Campus, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
4 Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
5 Laboratory of Biology, Water and Environment, University of May 8th, 1945 Guelma, P.O. Box 401, 24000 Guelma, Algeria
6 Research Center in Agri-Food Technologies, Targa Ouzemmour Road, University Campus, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
7 Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
8 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Relizane, Relizane, Algeria
9 Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
10 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algérie
11 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Boumerdes, 35000 Boumerdes, Algeria
12 Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Boumerdes, 35000 Boumerdes, Algérie
13 Laboratoire de Biologie, Eau et Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma BP 401, Guelma 24000, Algérie
14 Research Center in Agri-Food Technologies, Targa Ouzemmour Road, University Campus, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
15 Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Univer-sitaire, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie
16 Département des sciences biologiques, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie., Université de Relizane, Relizane, Algeria
doi
10.22101/JRIFST.2025.499861.1609چکیده
The increasing use of pesticides in agriculture, valued at approximately 43.2 billion USD, has raised significant concerns regarding food safety and human health. This study reviews the effectiveness of various pesticide residue removal methods applied to fruits and vegetables (F & V). A total of 57 studies published between 2005 and 2022 were analyzed, categorizing the methods into 28 household techniques, 19 advanced methods, and 10 combined approaches. Household methods, such as washing under running water, achieved removal rates of up to 90%, while peeling ensured complete (100%) elimination of residues. The addition of salt or vinegar solutions improved removal efficiency, reaching 92%. Advanced methods, notably ozonation, demonstrated high efficacy with up to 95% removal. The most effective approaches were combined techniques, integrating washing, ultrasound, and ozonation, which achieved residue elimination rates of up to 99%. Despite their efficiency, advanced methods face limitations due to high costs and technological constraints, reducing their accessibility for widespread use. This review underscores the necessity of an integrated approach to enhance food safety. Additionally, it highlights the need for further research on the long-term impact of these removal methods on the nutritional quality of F & V. These findings provide essential insights for consumers, farmers, and the food industry, contributing to the development of more effective and practical food safety strategies.
