فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background and objectives: Viola odorata has been widely used in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. However, scientific data on its safety profile remains limited. This study evaluated the subacute and subchronic toxicity of V. odorata aqueous extract in rats. Methods: Viola odorata aqueous extract was prepared by boiling for 10 minutes and then dried. In the subacute toxicity study, 40 male and female rats were randomly divided into five groups. Three groups received 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract, and controls were treated with distilled water for 28 days. The subchronic study followed the same methodology but lasted 90 days. The satellite group was treated with 1000 mg/kg of V. odorata aqueous extract for 90 days. Body weights, food and water intake were monitored during treatments, followed by hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses of liver and kidney tissues post-treatment. Results: No mortality or clinical signs of toxicity were observed during the 28 and 90 days. There were no significant changes in body weight, hematological parameters, or biochemical markers in rats receiving V. odorata aqueous extract for 28 and 90 days. Histological examination of liver and kidney tissues showed no remarkable pathological changes. Conclusion: According to the present results, V. odorata aqueous extract did not induce toxic effects on the biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters in experimental rats following subacute and subchronic administration. Therefore, these findings suggest that V. odorata aqueous extract is safe at doses up to 1000 mg/kg under the conditions of the present study.