Ficus nota (Blanco) Merr.: an Endemic Philippine Species with Pharmaceutical, Agricultural, and Conservation Implications, a Systematic Review
نویسندگان
1 College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
2 College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
3 College of Agri-Fishery and Allied Sciences, Surigao del Norte State University, Mainit Campus, Surigao del Norte, Philippines.
4 College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
5 College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
6 College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
doi
10.22127/rjp.2025.540050.2922چکیده
Ficus nota (Blanco) Merr., locally known as "Tibig" or "Tobog," is an endemic Philippine species with traditional medicinal and commercial uses. This systematic review synthesizes literature on F. nota's phytochemical constituents, biological activities, clinical translation potential, and conservation implications from 2006 to 2025. Following PRISMA guidelines, 39 studies were analyzed covering chemical synthesis (38%), conservation studies (24%), agricultural applications (18%), medicinal properties (15%), and antimicrobial activities (5%). Results revealed bioactive compounds ficusnotins, phenols, flavonoids, and tannins exhibit anti-diabetic activity comparable to standard reference drugs in some studies, along with antimicrobial properties and potential agricultural applications. The review evaluated biological activity, clinical translation challenges, including narrow therapeutic windows, standardization requirements for commercial development, and conservation strategies. Research gaps included the absence of clinical trials, inadequate mechanistic understanding, and insufficient conservation frameworks. This review provides the first synthesis integrating F. nota's pharmaceutical potential, agricultural applications, and conservation needs, establishing a framework for evidence-based development while preserving this endemic species.
