The Hepatoprotective Effects of Sida rhombifolia Leaf Extract Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
نویسندگان
1 Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pasundan University, Bandung, Indonesia.
3 Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
5 Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
6 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
7 Master in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
8 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia.
doi
10.22127/rjp.2025.530987.2865چکیده
Background and objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased in prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Sedentary lifestyles and poor dietary habits contribute to those rates, highlighting the importance of effective prevention and treatment. Sida rhombifolia exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, but its potential in NAFLD remains insufficiently explored. In the present study, S. rhombifolia effects on TNF-α and SREBP-1 expressions, NAFLD activity score (NAS), lipid profile, AST, and ALT levels in NAFLD rat models were evaluated. Methods: The leaves were extracted by maceration using ethanol, and the secondary metabolites were quantified. The rats were divided into five groups: the negative control group, positive control group, and three extract groups, which received 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, or 400 mg/kgBW of S. rhombifolia extract, respectively. NAFLD modeling was performed by a combination of a high-fat diet, 10% sucrose in drinking water, and CCl4 injection for 12 weeks, along with extract administration dissolved in the high-fat diet. Liver samples were used to analyze NAS, TNF-α, and SREBP-1 expressions. Blood samples were used to evaluate lipid profile, AST, and ALT levels. Results: Only the group given 400 mg/kgBW of S. rhombifolia extract expressed a lower TNF-α than the positive control group while all extract groups exhibited a lower SREBP-1 than the positive control group. The groups given 200 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW of S. rhombifolia extract also showed lower NAS than the positive control group. There were no differences in AST and TG levels while the ALT, cholesterol, and HDL levels post-intervention showed differences. Conclusion: Sida rhombifolia leaf extract exhibited hepatoprotective activity against NAFLD through anti-inflammatory and anti-steatotic properties.
