فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background and Objectives: Sepsis has high morbidity and mortality, and survivors often suffer from cognitive impairment, while the gut microbiota’s link to neurological diseases has prompted investigation into whether probiotics improve sepsis-related cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the effect of probiotics on sepsis - related cognitive impairment.    Methods: 135 sepsis patients in recovery (after antibiotic discontinuation) from Jan 2021 to Jun 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective study, and divided into control group (n = 67) and observation group (n = 68). The control group received conventional treatment plus placebo, while the observation group received probiotic + prebiotic preparations instead of placebo, in addition to conventional treatment. Cognitive function was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at three time points: enrollment (T0), 6 months (T1), and 1 year (T2) post-treatment. Complications were monitored during the intervention, and complications were evaluated at T1 and T2. Independent/paired t-tests and chi-square test were performed.   Results: The follow - up loss rate was 16.42% in the control group and 19.12% in the observation group. At enrollment, cognitive function was similar (c2=0.072, P=0.788). Six months after treatment, the observation group had a lower prevalence of abnormal cognitive function than the control group and at the start (c2=4.763, P=0.029). One year later, the two groups had no significant difference in abnormal cognitive function prevalence (c2=3.319, P=0.069), but it was lower than at the start. For complications, there was no difference in cardio - respiratory and kidney diseases (all P>0.05), while the observation group had a lower prevalence of digestive diseases (c2=6.682, P=0.010).    Conclusion: Sepsis, cognitive impairment and the gut microbiota are closely related. Microbial therapies offer new treatment directions, but this study needs larger samples and multi - center verification.