The Incidence Rate of COVID-19 and its Relationship with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women during Iran’s First and Second Waves: A Multicenter Cohort Study in Tehran
نویسندگان
1 PhD Student of Midwifery, Health Deputy, Department of Family Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 a) Associate Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran b) Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
4 MSc in Midwifery, Health Deputy of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
5 Professor, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
6 Specialist of Preventive and Community Medicine, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
7 MSc in Medical Education, Health Deputy of Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
doi
10.22038/jmrh.2022.66814.1951چکیده
Background & aim: COVID-19 infection may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to assess the incidence rate of the COVID-19 virus and its effect on maternaland neonatal outcomes.Methods: This was a cohort study in which a number of health-care centers in Tehran province were randomly selected, and all pregnant women referring to these centers were screened for COVID-19 from April 2020 to July 2020. Out of 15520 pregnant women, 263 individuals infected with COVID-19, who were followed until delivery. To collect the data, a demographic and obstetric characteristics questionnaire and a maternal and neonatal outcome checklist were used. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 22 using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression model.Results: The incidence of COVID-19 among participants was 17 per 1000 (95% CI: 15-19). Women with a higher BMI (OR = 1.198, CI =1.003-1.431, P = 0.047) and lower blood oxygen level (OR= 0.886, CI: 0.808-.970, P=.009) were more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes. Preterm labor (18.3%) was the most common outcome of pregnancy, followed by stillbirth (0.8%), ICU admission (3.0%), maternal mortality (1.1%), need to mechanical ventilation (1.5%) and preeclampsia 1(0.38). Regarding neonatal outcomes, neonatal COVID-19 was seen in 1.9% of cases, NICU admission in 15.2%. Neonatal mortality without COVID-19 in 2.3%. The majority of neonates with complications were male (29.1% vs. 21.5%, (P= 0.002).Conclusion: Pregnant women had a lower COVID-19 incidence rate than the general population, but when infected, they were at risk for poor maternal and neonatal outcomes.
