Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): A Systematic Review
نویسندگان
1 Nutrition Research Center, Health Services Management Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
2 DVM, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR Iran
3 Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz , IR Iran
4 Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
5 Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center of Social Determinants of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
6 Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
doi
چکیده
One of the most common complications of pregnancy is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is increasing worldwide.Experimental and epidemiological studies have shown that higher intake of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids maydecrease the risk of various diseases such as diabetes. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of fish oil supplementationon the prevention and treatment of GDM.Evidence Acquisition: This systematic review was performed by searching several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, GoogleScholar, the Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Science Direct SID, Magiran and IranMedex since 1983. The researchers also searched forreferences in reviewed clinical trial articles in which fish oil supplementation was compared with placebo or no supplementation.Results: Only two published and in-press articles are included in this review. Based on these studies, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched fish oil (800 mg/d) had no effect on prevention of GDM [0.97 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.27)]. Furthermore, omega-3 fatty acid supplementationcontaining 180mgof eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 120mgDHA had beneficial effects on insulin resistance in womenwith GDM (change from baseline: 1.57.5 vs 3.58.5 mIU/mL, P = 0.02) but did not influence fasting plasma glucose, homeostaticmodel assessment-Beta cell function (HOMA-B), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), or lipid profiles (P > 0.05).Conclusions: There is not enough evidence to support or refute the routine use of fish oil supplements during pregnancy for theprevention or treatment of diabetes. It is suggested that further randomized controlled trials be conducted to evaluate the role offish oil supplementation in pregnancy.
