Dietary Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in Iranian Adolescents
نویسندگان
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia
2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
4 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5 Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
6 School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penanag, Malaysia
7 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
doi
چکیده
Considering both diet and energy expenditures possess some influence on weight status, research into dietary determinantsof obesity is challenging but essential to rational planning of well-organized interventions to avoid obesity.Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether dietary factors were predictive of overweight and obesity in adolescents in theIranian population.Patients and Methods: A total of 840 students, ages 15 - 17, from six schools were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A dietpatternsapproach often has been used to describe the eating patterns in adolescents. Height, weight, and waist circumferenceanthropometric indices, physical activity, waist hip ratio, and BMI measurements were determined. Daily dietary data and weighedfood records were collected in 2010 and 2011. Abdominal obesity was defined according to world health organization guidelines,and the relationship between dietary predictor variables and the measures of adiposity were determined by using linear regression.Usual dietary intakes were assessed in an experimental study of Esfahani students.Results: In total, 38.5% of girls and 32.2% of boys had a Western dietary pattern as the more prevalent pattern. The diet quality ofadolescents with the lowest score on each dietary pattern was compared with those recording the highest scores. Those with theWestern dietary pattern score were less likely to exercise and had a higher prevalence of general obesity. Adolescents in the greaterquartile of the Mediterranean dietary patterns had the lowest odds of being overweight (OR 0.50, 95%; CI 0.27 - 0.73) and obese (OR0.48, 95%; CI 0.15 - 0.80) than those in the lower quartile, whereas those in the greater quartile of the Western dietary pattern hadthe highest odds of being overweight (OR 1.69, 95%; CI 1.10 - 2.04) and obese (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.05 - 1.84). Higher consumption of aWestern dietary pattern and a salty dietary pattern were associated significantly with obesity (P < 0.05). Intake of aWestern dietarypattern and a salty–sweet dietary pattern were associated positively with measures of adiposity, namely body mass index and waistcircumference.Conclusions: This study showed significant associations between the seven dietary patterns and overweight and obesity amongadolescents. Using dietary patterns within adolescents can provide important information on dietary consumption, and this approachis clearer and much easier to follow.
