Effect of Educational Intervention on Perceived Susceptibility Self-Efficacy and DMFT of PregnantWomen
نویسندگان
1 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
2 Neurosciences Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
3 Department of Public Health, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran
4 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
5 Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
6 Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran
doi
چکیده
Background: TheWorld Health Organization identifies oral health as a necessity for public health through the entirety of life. Thisissue has been considerably addressed due to susceptibility to tooth decay during pregnancy and maternal and fetal health.Objectives: Investigate the effect of educational intervention on perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and DMFT of pregnantwomen.Patients and Methods: A quasi-experimental survey (pretest, posttest, and control group) was implemented in 88 primiparouswomen in the first trimester of pregnancy who attended private clinics in Delfan city, Iran. It was conducted using random samplingand then assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included demographiccharacteristics, a DMFT checklist, and some health belief model (HBM) constructs. After collecting baseline information, an educationalintervention consisting of 4 training sessions for the intervention group was scheduled. In the sessions, lecture, focus-groupdiscussion, video, and role-playing were used as the main educational strategies. Four months after the intervention, a post-testquestionnaire and DMFT checklist were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver20) software and Chi-square, independentt-test, and repeated measure ANOVA at the significant level of < 0.05.Results: According to the independent t-test, the mean score of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and DMFT was notdifferent between the two groups before the education (P > 0.05), during the intervention, or after intervention. Repeated measureANOVA explained that the aforementioned score was different in the three cases (pretest, 2 months after intervention, and 4 monthsafter intervention) after intervention (P< 0.05). Paired t-test also showed that theDMFTmeanincreased 4 months after interventionin the control group (P < 0.001). It was not, however, augmented in the intervention group (P = 0.92).Conclusions: Results showed that education on some of the HBM constructs resulted in increased knowledge of oral health, perceivedsusceptibility, and self-efficacy of pregnant women. It is also possible to prevent increased DMFT during pregnancy.
