Prediction of Self-Management Behavior among Iranian Women with Type 2 Diabetes: Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action along with Self-Efficacy (ETRA)
نویسندگان
1 Department of Health and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia
2 Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Health and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia
4 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine
6 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia
doi
چکیده
Background: Continuous performing of diabetes self-care behaviors was shown to be an effective strategy to control diabetes and to prevent or reduce its- related complications. This study aimed to investigate predictors of self-care behavior based on the extended theory of reasoned action by self efficacy (ETRA) among women with type 2 diabetes in Iran.Methods: A sample of 352 women with type 2 diabetes, referring to a Diabetes Clinic in Khoy, Iran using the nonprobability sampling was enrolled. Appropriate instruments were designed to measure the variables of interest (diabetes knowledge, personal beliefs, subjective norm, self-efficacy and behavioral intention along with self- care behaviors). Reliability and validity of the instruments using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (the values of them weremore than 0.70) and a panel of experts were tested.Results: A statistical significant correlation existed between independent constructs of proposed model and modelrelated dependent constructs, as ETRA model along with its related external factors explained 41.5% of variance of intentions and 25.3% of variance of actual behavior. Among constructs of model, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intentions among women with type 2 diabetes, as it lonely explained 31.3% of variance of intentions and 11.4% of variance of self-care behavior.Conclusion: The high ability of the extended theory of reasoned action with self-efficacy in forecasting and explaining diabetes mellitus self management can be a base for educational intervention. So to improve diabetes self management behavior and to control the disease, use of educational interventions based on proposed model is suggested.
