Socioeconomic Disparities and Smoking Habits in Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence from Isfahan Healthy Heart Program
نویسندگان
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4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry,
5 Medicine Faculty,
6 Director of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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doi
چکیده
Background: The metabolic syndrome (Mets) consists of major clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) riskfactors. This study determines the association of socioeconomic determinants and smoking behavior in a population-based sample of Iranians with Mets.Methods: This cross-sectional survey comprised 12600 randomly selected men and women aged ≥ 19 yearsliving in three counties in central part of Iran. They participated in the baseline survey of a community-basedprogram for CVD prevention entitled” Isfahan Healthy Heart Program” in 2000-2001. Subjects with Mets wereselected based on NCEP- ATPIII criteria. Demographic data, medical history, lifestyle, smoking habits, physicalexamination, blood pressure, obesity indices and serum lipids were determined.Results: The mean age of subjects with Mets was significantly higher. The mean age of smokers in both groupswas higher than non-smokers but with lower WC and WHR. Marital status, age and residency were not significantlydifferent in smokers with Mets and non-smokers with Mets. Smoking was more common in the middleeducational group in the income category of Quartile 1-3. Mets was significantly related to age, sex and education.Middle-aged and elderly smokers were at approximately 4-5 times higher risk among Mets subjects. Loweducation decreased the risk of Mets by 0.48; similarly in non-smokers, 6-12 years of education decreased therisk of Mets by 0.72.Conclusion: More educated persons had a better awareness and behavior related to their health and role ofsmoking. In the lower social strata of the Iranian population, more efforts are needed against smoking habits.
